Brian K Proulx, CCHt

The Subconscious Mind: A Comprehensive Exploration

The subconscious mind is a silent architect of our lives, weaving creativity, emotions, memories, and behaviors into the fabric of who we are. Far beyond a passive storage system, it actively shapes our perceptions, drives our actions, and fuels our potential. This expanded exploration delves into its intricate mechanisms, offering deeper insights, vivid examples, and practical tools like self-hypnosis to harness its power for personal transformation.

1. Creative Intelligence: The Spark of Innovation

The subconscious mind is the crucible of creative intelligence, igniting ideas that transform the world. It births inventions like the telephone, scientific breakthroughs like penicillin, and artistic masterpieces like Beethoven’s symphonies. Consider a surgeon refining a technique mid-operation, intuitively blending years of training with a sudden spark of insight, or a writer crafting a novel’s plot twist during a quiet walk. These moments reveal the subconscious as a dynamic force, synthesizing knowledge, emotions, and imagination to produce novel solutions.

Unlike the conscious mind’s deliberate analysis, the subconscious thrives in relaxed states—daydreaming, meditating, or even showering—where insights emerge unbidden. Archimedes’ “Eureka!” moment in the bath or a composer hearing a melody while gazing at a sunset exemplify this. The subconscious draws from a vast reservoir of memories and experiences, reimagining existing concepts (e.g., enhancing a smartphone’s design) or creating entirely new ones (e.g., the internet). For instance, Steve Jobs’ vision for Apple’s sleek designs stemmed from subconscious connections between technology and aesthetics, influenced by his exposure to calligraphy.

This creative power isn’t limited to geniuses. Everyday creativity—like solving a workplace problem or improvising a recipe—relies on the subconscious blending past experiences with present needs. To tap this, try journaling dreams or free-writing after a walk; these practices surface subconscious insights. This creative spark sets the stage for understanding the subconscious’s broader role in shaping our thoughts and actions.

2. Subconscious Mind: An Overview

The subconscious mind is a silent orchestrator, managing processes beyond conscious control with breathtaking precision. Picture driving a familiar route while lost in a song’s memories, arriving home without recalling the journey. Your subconscious flawlessly handled navigation, braking, and signaling, freeing your conscious mind to wander. This division of labor—conscious mind as the captain, subconscious as the crew—underpins daily life.

Processing millions of sensory inputs per second (sights, sounds, smells, textures), the subconscious filters them through a unique lens of experiences, values, and beliefs, crafting a personalized reality. This worldview, though not always accurate, feels true. For example, two people witnessing a car accident might recall different details based on their subconscious biases—one focusing on the driver’s expression, another on the car’s color. With a storage capacity dwarfing any supercomputer, it retains vivid details: the scent of a grandmother’s kitchen, the texture of a childhood blanket, or the sting of a teacher’s criticism.

The subconscious prioritizes memories by emotional intensity, favoring fear and pain to ensure survival. A near-miss on a bike might etch caution into your psyche, while a joyful family picnic fades unless reinforced. This emotional prioritization shapes behavior, often without conscious awareness. Understanding this sets the foundation for exploring its physiological connections through the autonomic nervous system.

3. Anatomical Nervous System: The Subconscious Connection

The subconscious mind extends its influence to the body via the autonomic nervous system (ANS), a peripheral network regulating involuntary functions like heart rate, digestion, breathing, and pupil dilation. The ANS’s two branches—parasympathetic and sympathetic—act as a seesaw, balancing calm and action, reflecting the subconscious’s role in physical and emotional harmony.

Parasympathetic Nervous System: The Rest-and-Digest Mode

In moments of ease—savoring a warm meal, laughing with friends, or meditating by a stream—the parasympathetic system dominates, quieting its sympathetic counterpart. This “rest-and-digest” mode optimizes bodily functions: the heart beats steadily, digestion breaks down nutrients, kidneys filter waste, and reproductive systems function smoothly. Immunity strengthens, reducing inflammation, while cognitive abilities like problem-solving and creativity sharpen. For example, a student studying in a calm environment might grasp complex concepts more easily, as the parasympathetic system fosters clarity.

This state also enhances emotional well-being. Practices like deep breathing or yoga amplify parasympathetic activity, calming the mind and body. The subconscious reinforces this harmony, associating relaxation with safety, which can be leveraged in hypnosis to deepen trance states.

Sympathetic Nervous System: The Fight-or-Flight Response

When stress strikes—a looming deadline, a sudden loud noise, or an argument—the sympathetic system kicks in, triggering the fight-or-flight response. Blood surges to muscles for action, heart rate spikes, and non-essential systems like digestion or immunity pause. This prepares you to flee a threat or confront it, but chronic activation (e.g., from ongoing work stress) strains organs, elevates cortisol, and clouds cognition. For instance, someone stuck in traffic might snap at a colleague later, as the sympathetic system keeps them on edge.

The subconscious drives these responses, drawing on past programming. A childhood scare from a dog might trigger panic around pets decades later. Hypnosis can reframe such reactions by embedding calming suggestions, like “dogs are friendly,” leveraging the subconscious’s literal nature. This physiological bridge sets the stage for exploring the subconscious’s role in memory storage.

4. Memory Storage: The Subconscious Archive

The subconscious is a vast, ever-expanding archive, capturing sensory data from all five senses—sight, hearing, touch, smell, and taste. Like an infinite hard drive, it stores every experience, thought, emotion, and belief, from the mundane (a grocery list) to the profound (a first kiss). Unlike the conscious mind, which forgets details, the subconscious retains everything indefinitely. The scent of rain might vividly recall a childhood storm, or a song might resurrect a high school dance, complete with the flutter of nerves.

This archive shapes identity, anchoring morals, values, and beliefs. For example, a child raised in a community valuing honesty might internalize “truth is strength,” guiding lifelong integrity. Conversely, repeated criticism might embed “I’m not enough,” fostering self-doubt. Accessing this archive through techniques like guided visualization can unearth forgotten memories, revealing their influence. This storage capacity underpins the subconscious’s constant vigilance, as it records every moment.

5. Always Recording: Constant Vigilance

The subconscious is an unceasing recorder, capturing every sensory input, conversation, and experience 24/7/365, without pause, even during sleep or unconsciousness. Unlike the conscious mind, which filters out “irrelevant” details, the subconscious logs everything as potential truth, shaping beliefs and behaviors. For instance, patients under anesthesia have recalled surgical staff conversations—such as a nurse’s remark about a tool—demonstrating this relentless archiving.

This constant recording influences perceptions. An offhand comment like “you’re clumsy” in a meeting might lodge in the subconscious, reinforcing insecurity unless countered. Conversely, repeated praise like “you’re a problem-solver” can build confidence. Subliminal recordings, such as affirmations played during sleep (“I am resilient”), exploit this trait, embedding messages without conscious resistance. For example, a study found that sleep affirmations improved self-esteem in participants over weeks.

Hypnosis leverages this vigilance, implanting empowering suggestions like “you embrace change” during relaxed states, when the subconscious is most receptive. Timing affirmations for moments of calm—before bed or during meditation—maximizes impact. This tireless recording sets the stage for the subconscious’s literal processing of information.

6. Literal Nature: Processing Language Directly

The subconscious interprets information literally, missing nuance, metaphors, or humor. Hearing “you’re killing it” in a performance review, it might picture violence rather than success. This literal lens shapes emotional and behavioral responses. For example, a child told “you’re a burden” might internalize shame, while “you’re a star” fosters confidence. This trait explains why negative self-talk (“I’m a failure”) can deeply impact self-esteem, as the subconscious accepts it as fact.

In hypnosis, this literal nature is a superpower. Suggestions like “you are calm under pressure” are absorbed directly, bypassing conscious skepticism. For instance, a hypnotherapist might guide a client to visualize a stressful meeting as a serene lake, embedding calm. Affirmations should be clear and positive—“I am capable” rather than “I’m not a failure”—to align with this trait. This literal processing leads to the subconscious’s inability to distinguish fact from fantasy.

7. Fact vs. Fantasy: No Distinction

The subconscious blurs the line between reality and imagination, accepting both as true. Visualizing a flawless speech can spark real confidence, just as imagining a car crash can trigger anxiety. This explains why a scary movie quickens your pulse or why athletes mentally rehearse to boost performance. For example, basketball players visualizing free throws have shown improved accuracy, as the subconscious treats the imagery as practice.

This trait powers hypnosis: suggestions like “you are fearless” become reality when paired with vivid imagery, such as picturing a confident stage performance. However, it also amplifies fears. Imagining a plane crash might cement a flying phobia, as the subconscious deems it real. Countering this requires intentional visualization—picturing a smooth flight with affirmations like “I travel with ease.” This non-critical processing shapes the personality that defines our interactions.

8. Influences the Personality: Defining Who We Are

The subconscious profoundly shapes personality—the unique blend of traits like introversion, extroversion, optimism, or seriousness that govern how we engage with the world. Unlike character’s moral qualities (e.g., honesty), personality drives behavior patterns, influencing career choices, friendships, and relationships. These traits stem from subconscious programming, molded by childhood experiences, cultural norms, and ongoing interactions.

For example, a child praised for storytelling might develop an extroverted personality, believing “sharing ideas is fun,” leading to a career in media. A teenager in a critical household might become serious, believing “problems need fixing,” straining social bonds. Cultural factors matter too: a community valuing ambition might foster a driven personality, while one prizing humility might nurture restraint. These beliefs, stored in the subconscious, guide life’s trajectory.

Hypnosis can reshape personality traits. An introvert seeking social ease might visualize thriving at a party, affirming “I connect effortlessly,” to cultivate confidence. A pessimist could picture positive outcomes, affirming “I embrace possibilities,” to foster optimism. These techniques rewrite subconscious scripts, aligning personality with goals, complementing the drives that motivate behavior.

9. Seeking Pleasure, Avoiding Pain: A Primal Drive

The subconscious is wired to seek pleasure and avoid pain, with pain avoidance often dominant due to survival instincts. This drive shapes personality and behavior. An optimistic person might chase pleasure through adventure, while a cautious one avoids pain by sticking to routines. Maladaptive habits—like binge-eating or compulsive phone use—emerge here, offering quick pleasure to dodge stress. Choosing ice cream over a workout reflects this urge for instant gratification, tied to the sympathetic system’s survival mode.

Chronic pain tolerance can normalize harmful patterns. Someone in a toxic job might accept stress as “normal,” reinforcing a resigned personality. Hypnosis disrupts these cycles, embedding suggestions like “you choose healthy habits,” redirecting behaviors—swapping scrolling for journaling, for instance. Visualizing exercise as pleasurable can rewire this drive, fostering lasting well-being, which ties to the subconscious’s emotional core.

10. The Seat of Emotions: Imprinting Beliefs

As the epicenter of emotions, the subconscious stores beliefs with their associated feelings, shaping personality and behavior. Intense emotions imprint deeply: a public failure might cement a fear of judgment, fostering introversion, while a triumphant moment can build confidence, nurturing extroversion. The subconscious prioritizes pain—fear from a dog bite lingers longer than joy from a picnic—due to its survival focus.

Repetition builds emotional conviction. Affirmations like “I am worthy” gain power when paired with positive feelings, such as visualizing a proud moment. Hypnosis accelerates this, guiding clients to relive successes with suggestions like “you radiate confidence,” anchoring new beliefs. For example, a client overcoming stage fright might visualize applause, imprinting calm. This emotional imprinting forms the basis for storing beliefs and scripts.

11. Storing Beliefs and Scripts: Emotional Programming

The subconscious stores memories, beliefs, emotions, and behavioral scripts, accepting them as truth. Memories blend fact, fantasy, and perception, often skewed by emotion. A rejection at a party might feel like universal dislike, embedding “I’m unlovable,” fostering shyness. Every experience, even forgotten, resides here—a creaky floorboard might evoke a childhood fear, triggering anxiety.

Beliefs drive behavior. A belief like “I must be perfect” sparks stress in messy situations, reinforcing a serious personality. Hypnosis rewrites scripts, embedding suggestions like “I embrace imperfection,” paired with imagery of relaxed success. For instance, a perfectionist might visualize a flawed but joyful presentation, affirming ease. This programming leads to the subconscious’s tendency to validate beliefs.

12. Programmed to Be Right: Accepting Truths

The subconscious deems stored information true, resisting contradictions, which solidifies personality and behavior. Believing “exercise is hard” makes workouts feel grueling, while “exercise is energizing” boosts motivation. Authority figures—parents, teachers, media—shape these truths. A coach’s “you’re a leader” can foster confidence, while a parent’s “you’re lazy” might embed self-doubt.

Hypnosis challenges limiting beliefs, introducing suggestions like “I am capable” during trance, when resistance is low. For example, a student struggling with math might visualize solving equations, affirming “math is fun,” to reframe their belief. Affirmations repeated daily—especially in relaxed states—reinforce empowering truths, aligning the subconscious with growth, leading to its symbolic communication.

13. Picture Consciousness: Symbolic Language

The subconscious communicates through vivid imagery, music, and metaphors, bypassing conscious filters to influence personality. Dreams weave fragmented scenes—a stormy sea might symbolize stress—while a song’s melody evokes joy or longing. Metaphors like “life is a journey” embed resilience, supporting a hopeful personality. In hypnosis, imagery like “tension dissolves like mist” instills calm, leveraging literal interpretation.

Rhythm enhances this. Drumming or a ticking clock can induce trance, making the subconscious receptive. For example, a hypnotherapist might use a metronome during visualization, deepening focus. Practicing visualization with rhythmic breathing—inhaling for four counts, exhaling for six—amplifies suggestions like “I am at peace.” This symbolic language fuels the subconscious’s imaginative power.

14. The Seat of Imagination: Shaping Reality

The subconscious’s symbolic nature makes it the seat of imagination, using mental imagery to shape beliefs and personality. Visualizing a promotion can boost ambition, as the subconscious accepts it as real, fostering a driven personality. Conversely, imagining failure can amplify fears. A fear of heights might conjure a fall, reinforcing caution, while fear of failure might evoke rejection, deepening introversion.

Positive visualization counters this. Picturing a calm flight can ease flying anxiety, affirming “I travel safely.” Hypnosis guides vivid imagery—imagining a serene forest to reduce stress—paired with suggestions like “you are grounded.” Daily visualization, such as five minutes picturing a goal with positive emotions, harnesses this imaginative power, complementing logical processes.

15. Reasons Deductively: Logical Conclusions

The subconscious reasons deductively, drawing conclusions from accepted premises, influencing personality-driven decisions. If “all dogs are dangerous” is believed, a dog’s bark triggers fear, reinforcing caution. If “challenges are opportunities,” a setback sparks effort, fostering optimism. This logic operates automatically, relying on stored beliefs.

Hypnosis reshapes premises. Suggesting “dogs are friendly” during trance leads to conclusions like “I’m safe around dogs,” easing fear. For example, a client might visualize petting a dog, affirming “I enjoy animals,” to rewire their reasoning. This deductive logic supports decision-making, connecting to pattern-matching abilities.

16. Association Making Mechanism: Connecting Patterns

The subconscious is a pattern-matching engine, linking new stimuli to stored experiences, shaping personality and behavior. Conditioned associations—like a bell signaling dinner—enable instant reactions. A green light cues driving, while a frown evokes tension, tied to past conflict. A favorite scent, like lavender, might trigger calm, recalling a spa day, supporting a relaxed personality.

Unfamiliar stimuli prompt scanning. A strange noise might evoke a creaky childhood stair, sparking fear, or an unknown dish might recall a family recipe, fostering warmth. Hypnosis reprograms patterns, pairing noises with safety through suggestions like “all sounds are safe.” Visualizing a green light for confidence builds positive associations, enabling swift, adaptive responses, shaping character.

17. Develops Your Character: Shaping Identity

The subconscious shapes character—traits like honesty, empathy, or resilience—reflecting moral principles, distinct from personality’s behavioral patterns. This begins in the womb, where fetuses sense maternal emotions, laying character’s foundation. A joyful pregnancy might foster trust, while stress might seed caution. Post-birth, experiences, role models, and culture embed values.

Positive programming builds strong character. A child rewarded for kindness might believe “helping others is rewarding,” fostering empathy. A teen mentored to persist after failure might internalize “effort wins,” building resilience. Conversely, negative programming—like witnessing deceit—might embed mistrust, believing “people are dishonest.” Hypnosis reframes this, guiding visualization of honest interactions, affirming “I trust and am trusted,” to cultivate integrity. These techniques align character with high values, complementing creative applications.

18. Synthesized Creativity: Applying Inspired Skills

The subconscious’s character-shaping role fuels synthesized creativity, transforming skills into inspired actions reflecting identity. A chef with a kind character might craft a comforting dish, intuitively tweaking flavors, while a resilient engineer might innovate a sustainable design under pressure. This creativity spans tasks—writing a poem, coding an app, or parenting with patience—blending knowledge with intuition.

Hypnosis enhances this, embedding suggestions like “I create with ease” during visualization of a successful project. For instance, an artist might picture a vibrant painting, affirming “my creativity flows,” to boost inspiration. This interplay empowers innovation, setting the stage for practical reprogramming through self-hypnosis.

19. Self-Hypnosis Exercises: Reframing Beliefs and Enhancing Growth

Self-hypnosis harnesses the subconscious’s literal, imaginative, and pattern-matching nature to reframe beliefs, enhance skills, and foster growth. These exercises combine visualization, affirmations, and rhythmic breathing, timed for relaxed states like pre-sleep, to maximize impact. Below are practical exercises tailored to common goals:

• Overcoming Public Speaking Fear: Sit in a quiet space. Breathe deeply (inhale for 4, exhale for 6) for 2 minutes. Visualize delivering a speech to an applauding crowd, feeling confident. Repeat “I speak with ease and clarity” 10 times. Practice nightly for 2 weeks.
• Boosting Creativity: Before bed, listen to soft, rhythmic music. Visualize solving a creative challenge (e.g., writing a story). Affirm “my ideas flow effortlessly” 15 times. Journal insights upon waking. Repeat for 10 days.
• Building Resilience: In a calm setting, breathe rhythmically for 3 minutes. Picture overcoming a setback with strength. Affirm “I thrive through challenges” 12 times. Practice daily for 3 weeks.

These exercises rewire limiting beliefs, leveraging the subconscious’s constant recording and literal nature. Apps like Headspace or a certified hypnotherapist can enhance results.

Conclusion: Unleashing the Subconscious for Lasting Transformation

The subconscious mind is a boundless force, orchestrating creativity, emotions, personality, and character to shape our essence and guide our paths. Its tireless recording, literal processing, and imaginative power drive our thoughts, actions, and dreams. Through hypnotherapy, self-hypnosis, affirmations, and visualization, we can transform fears into confidence, ignite creativity, and cultivate empathy, aligning conscious goals with subconscious programming. Whether overcoming anxiety, enhancing relationships, or pursuing ambitions, these tools unlock limitless potential. Start with a self-hypnosis exercise tonight or consult a certified hypnotherapist to reshape your reality, one intentional thought at a time.

Brian K Proulx, CCHt

Exploring the Superconscious Mind

Introduction

The superconscious mind is a state of heightened awareness that transcends the subconscious, serving as a gateway to universal wisdom, divine intelligence, and profound creativity. Rooted in spiritual, psychological, and philosophical traditions, it connects individuals to a higher self and collective consciousness. This document explores the superconscious mind’s nature, historical context, scientific perspectives, practical applications, and its role in personal and collective transformation. Drawing on hypnotherapy, self-hypnosis, and reflections on divine orchestration, the power of beliefs, and the philosophical mystery of consciousness, this exploration integrates tailored insights to align with your spiritual journey. It emphasizes how beliefs—programmed into the subconscious mind through life experiences via six key methods (authority figures, peer groups, high emotion, repetition, altered states, and saying “YES”) and shaped by the Law of Correspondence (projection, attraction, transfiguration), childhood conditioning, societal narratives, media influences, environmental experiences, measured objectively and subjectively, tested within physical reality, informed by collective narratives, and held personally without scientific verification—define our reality, particularly through limiting internal beliefs that hinder potential, goals, and true happiness. The Results Model (Event → Belief → Emotion → Behavior → Results), exemplified by scenarios like a child’s classroom embarrassment, illustrates how limiting beliefs form through significant life events that imprint on the subconscious, driving emotions, behaviors, and outcomes. The superconscious can transcend these limitations, fostering resilience, enhancing memory, guiding intuition, probing the philosophical nature of existence, and promoting collective evolution and equality. For details on the conscious mind’s role, refer to  The Conscious Mind: Characteristics and Role .

What is the Superconscious Mind?

The superconscious mind is distinct from the subconscious mind, which stores memories, habits, and beliefs. It is characterized as:

• A Higher State of Consciousness: Operating beyond the five senses, it accesses timeless insights, often equated with the “Higher Self” or “divine spark.”
• A Wellspring of Creativity and Intuition: It drives transformative ideas, synthesizing subconscious imagery with universal wisdom, as seen in Nikola Tesla’s inventions or Rumi’s poetry.
• A Universal Connection: It aligns with the collective consciousness, fostering unity with the universe.
• A State of Unity: It dissolves ego boundaries, promoting peace and interconnectedness.

Unlike the subconscious, shaped by past conditioning and beliefs, the superconscious is forward-looking, representing infinite potential. Interest in the subconscious as the seat of imagination , the superconscious as a mystical state , and beliefs as a form of subconscious programming, particularly limiting beliefs that hold us back from potential, goals, and happiness  complements its role in transcending limiting programming. Explanation of the Results Model, illustrated by scenarios like a child’s classroom mistake , and the six ways beliefs are programmed into the subconscious—authority figures, peer groups, high emotion, repetition, altered states (hypnosis), and saying “YES”—along with the Law of Correspondence (projection, attraction, transfiguration) , show how limiting beliefs form and persist. The subconscious storing beliefs based on past experiences  and hypnotherapy’s ability to reframe limiting beliefs underscore the superconscious’s potential to reshape self-perception and unlock true happiness.

Historical and Cultural Context

The superconscious appears across traditions:

• Eastern Traditions: In Hinduism, it resembles  samadhi, divine union. In Buddhism, it parallels  nirvana, pure awareness.
• Western Mysticism: Mystics like Meister Eckhart described divine union, reflecting superconscious states.
• Modern Spirituality: Sri Aurobindo’s “supermind” and Pierre Teilhard de Chardin’s collective evolution highlight its role in awakening.
• New Thought: Ernest Holmes viewed it as infinite intelligence, accessible through alignment.

These perspectives resonate  A Course in Miracles, which emphasizes choosing love-based beliefs, and a hypnotherapy practice, which transforms subconscious programming influenced by childhood conditioning, societal stereotypes, environmental influences, parents, society, culture, media, historical narratives, and religious beliefs .

Scientific Perspectives

Science offers insights into the superconscious:

• Neuroscience: Dr. Andrew Newberg’s meditation studies show reduced parietal lobe activity, creating unity akin to superconscious experiences.
• Flow States: Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi’s flow research suggests parallels to superconscious creativity.
• Quantum Consciousness: Roger Penrose’s quantum brain theories may explain non-local insights, aligning with  the “hard problem” of consciousness .
• Hypnosis: Your hypnotherapy expertise  highlights how focused attention accesses deeper mind levels to reframe limiting beliefs.

These align with the use of self-hypnosis for memory and focus, leveraging the subconscious’s vast storage capacity, estimated to handle millions of sensory bits.

Significance of the Superconscious Mind

The superconscious offers profound benefits:

• Personal Transformation: It fosters creativity and self-awareness, aligning with  hypnotherapy work on belief change to overcome limiting self-perceptions and unlock potential.
• Spiritual Awakening: It connects to divine intelligence, reflecting the belief in divine orchestration.
• Emotional Healing: It transcends subconscious patterns, fostering integration.
• Memory Enhancement: The superconscious acts as a universal archive, enhancing recall beyond subconscious storage, as you’ve explored through self-hypnosis..
• Divine Orchestration: The superconscious guides synchronicities, aligning with  A Course in Miracles’ emphasis on love over fear. For example, an intuitive urge to reconnect with a friend after 29 years, as you’ve experienced, reflects divine guidance orchestrating meaningful encounters.
• Beliefs as the Lens of Reality: Our reality is shaped by beliefs—chosen understandings we hold as true or false, rooted in life experiences, perceptions, and responses (mental, physical, emotional). As you’ve emphasized, beliefs are a form of programming in the subconscious mind, acting as the software that drives our thoughts and behaviors,. Not all experiences or lessons are permanently stored in this subconscious “hard drive”; only those deemed significant at the time, based on emotional or survival relevance, are retained, while unimportant details slip away. Limiting beliefs, in particular, are internal mental conditions that hold us back from reaching our potential, achieving goals, or finding true happiness in our endeavors, acting as barriers to personal fulfillment. These internal thoughts about how we function in specific circumstances, how we view ourselves, and how we identify with our own identity are formed through the Results Model (Event → Belief → Emotion → Behavior → Results), where significant life events create beliefs that drive emotions, behaviors, and outcomes, embedding these beliefs in the subconscious. For instance, imagine a warm fall day in a small Midwest elementary school, where little Sally, a first-grader, eagerly volunteers to write “cat” on the chalkboard but writes “KAT” instead. Her classmates burst out laughing, and some toss belittling words, wounding her young ego. This event, amplified by the peer group’s reaction and high emotion, might imprint a belief like “I’m not good at spelling” or “I’ll be laughed at if I try,” triggering emotions of shame, leading to behaviors like avoiding participation, and resulting in missed opportunities, reinforcing the belief . These beliefs are programmed into the subconscious through six key methods: (1)  authority figures  like parents, teachers, scholars, “experts,” or media “talking heads,” whose pronouncements we’re conditioned to accept as true, including history books deemed authoritative by educational systems; (2)  peer groups, whose reactions, like Sally’s classmates’ laughter, shape our self-perception; (3)  high emotion, where intense feelings, like Sally’s shame, anchor beliefs; (4)  repetition, reinforcing beliefs through consistent exposure; (5)  altered states  like hypnosis, which bypass conscious filters to implant beliefs; and (6)  saying “YES,”  consciously agreeing to a belief, making it more likely to take root. The  Law of Correspondence  further governs this process, with  projection  (our inner beliefs shaping our external reality),  attraction  (drawing experiences that match our beliefs), and  transfiguration  (transforming our reality by aligning inner beliefs with higher truths). These beliefs are often subjective, accepted without personal research and shaped by environmental experiences, reflecting the adage “we are a product of our environment”. They are profoundly influenced by childhood conditioning, where society instills notions of individuality, racial superiority based on skin color, national or political hierarchies, taboos against interracial marriage, and religious mandates like believing in God or a Savior to avoid hell. These are compounded by media-driven stereotypes, such as the harmful belief that people from the Middle East who worship differently are evil or terrorists, often accepted without personal interaction, perpetuating racism as a learned condition, with equality and respect still needing progress in the U.S. Beliefs are further shaped by lessons from parents, friends, educational institutions, society, culture, religion, and media, such as “talking heads on the telly” , and are measured both objectively and subjectively. Objective beliefs, like the sun is warm, the sky is blue, oxygen sustains life, food provides nutrition (though some claims are debated), and humans have two hands, two eyes, a head, and a brain, are validated through observation and measurement. Subjective beliefs, such as believing we can fly or breathe underwater, remain speculative until tested by action, which often reveals the limits of physical reality—rules that prevent feats like those of Superman or Aquaman in our current era. Subjective beliefs also include personal convictions held without scientific verification, like the existence of a higher power (God) or fantastical abilities such as shooting fire from our eyes. For instance, believing the moon exists because we see it in the night sky is a subjective belief reinforced by objective visual identification, yet open to skepticism, such as the idea of trolls projecting its image or doubts about the 1969 moon landing, which rely on media, historical accounts, and societal narratives rather than personal experience. Beliefs guide our lives, defining our existence; without them, we’d be lost, yet even a vegetable may hold an unexpressed belief in its existence. Everything we experience stems from a belief, an assumed truth we choose, shaped by childhood conditioning, environmental influences, internal self-beliefs, personal conviction, collective influences, and history written by “victors” like governments and societies. Emphasis on the subconscious storing beliefs based on past experiences, prioritizing those with emotional or survival significanc, and the Results Model’s explanation of how events form beliefs, amplified by the six programming methods and the Law of Correspondence, highlight how these limiting internal beliefs develop, often unconsciously, and the use of hypnotherapy to reframe them underscores the superconscious’s potential to transcend these conditioned, measured, narrative-driven, and unverified beliefs, empowering us to choose expansive beliefs aligned with love, purpose, happiness, and unity, as taught in  A Course in Miracles, and to redefine our potential and self-identity.
• Resilience: The superconscious fosters resilience by providing a higher perspective on setbacks, enabling individuals to rise above challenges with calm and clarity, aligning with  self-hypnosis exercises for test-taking and goal-setting.
• Collective Evolution: By connecting to a shared consciousness, the superconscious fosters empathy, contributing to a global shift, aligning with Teilhard de Chardin’s vision.

Philosophical Dimensions of the Superconscious

The superconscious raises profound questions about the nature of consciousness, aligning with the “hard problem”. Philosophically, it may bridge the gap between individual minds and a cosmic consciousness, as speculated in quantum theories by Roger Penrose. Mystics describe it as a divine spark, suggesting it is the source of our deepest truths. Is the superconscious the origin of our existence, a channel for universal intelligence? Does it resolve the mystery of why consciousness exists? In  A Course in Miracles, it aligns with the choice to perceive reality through love, suggesting beliefs—programmed into the subconscious through events as per the Results Model, reinforced by authority figures, peer groups, high emotion, repetition, altered states, saying “YES,” and shaped by the Law of Correspondence, childhood conditioning, societal stereotypes, environmental influences, limiting internal self-beliefs, experiences, measurements, physical reality, collective narratives, and unverified convictions—are acts of creation. The superconscious invites us to question whether our reality is a projection of conditioned beliefs, particularly limiting internal thoughts formed through events like Sally’s classroom embarrassment, as well as societal teachings about race, politics, or religion, media-driven stereotypes about entire cultures, or unverified beliefs like a higher power, yet open to doubt without personal verification. It offers a path to transcend illusion and embrace unity, challenging the establishment narrative of consciousness as purely neurological and urging a deeper exploration of its mystical and philosophical roots, while dismantling limiting beliefs rooted in subconscious programming and fostering a liberated, authentic self-identity that supports true happiness.

Accessing the Superconscious Mind

Accessing the superconscious requires a clear subconscious, focus, and openness. Self-hypnosis exercises for memory, goal-setting, and test-taking, and emphasis on safety disclaimers for hypnosis recordings  position you to explore these methods, leveraging the subconscious’s role in belief formation influenced by childhood conditioning, societal stereotypes, environmental influences, internal self-beliefs, external sources, collective narratives, and personal convictions .

References

• Dandapani,  The Superconscious Mind  dandapani.org
• The Superconscious Mind: A Higher State of Being  mindfulled.com
• Accessing Your Superconscious Mind  integrallife.com
• What Is the Superconscious Mind?  yogapedia.com
• Newberg, A., & Waldman, M. R.,  How God Changes Your Brain
• Csikszentmihalyi, M.,  Flow: The Psychology of Optimal Experience
• Aurobindo, S.,  The Life Divine
• A Course in Miracles  (spiritual principles on love and reality).

Brian K Proulx, CCHt

 The Conscious Mind: A Hypnotherapists Perspective

The Conscious Mind

The conscious mind is the awake, aware part of you, steering your thoughts and actions. It’s what most people associate with their identity—their character, personality, and how the world sees them.

Think of the conscious mind as the captain of a ship, standing on the bridge and issuing orders to the crew in the engine room below. The crew (the subconscious) carries out these commands, but the ship’s performance depends on how the crew has been trained—or “conditioned”—over time. The captain may set the course, but the crew’s skills determine how smoothly the ship (you) sails.

The conscious mind is analytical, conceptual, and constantly processing. It’s the voice of “would have, could have, should have,” second-guessing decisions or replaying scenarios. It’s the “monkey mind” chattering when you try to sleep or meditate, always questioning and evaluating. This part of your mind uses reasoning—inductive, like generalizing that all small dogs have brown fur, or deductive, like concluding that a Sheltie has two ears because all dogs do.

It’s also the “look, listen, and learn” part of your mind. It absorbs new skills, like fixing a washing machine by reading a manual or watching a YouTube video. It evaluates choices, such as weighing a high-paying job with no benefits against a lower-paying job with benefits, or deciding between a red or blue car.

However, the conscious mind has limits. It can only handle five to nine pieces of information at once, according to research (Miller, 1956), before it overloads. It relies on short-term memory, which is why you might misplace your keys and think, Where did I put those? Automatic tasks, like breathing or digestion, are delegated to the subconscious, freeing the conscious mind for reasoning and decision-making.

Analysis and Choice

The conscious mind excels at analysis, systematically evaluating options to solve problems or achieve goals. For instance, imagine you’re deciding whether to stay in a high-paying job with no benefits or accept a lower-paying job with health insurance and a pension. The conscious mind breaks down the pros and cons—salary, job security, long-term health costs—filtering choices through your needs and values. This analytical process is like the ship’s captain charting a course, weighing the risks of stormy seas against the promise of a safe harbor.

Beyond practical decisions, the conscious mind navigates a spectrum of possibilities, making choices that shape your life. Picture standing in a car dealership, choosing between a red or blue car. The conscious mind considers aesthetics, resale value, or even how the color reflects your personality. It also accepts or rejects new information, such as a job offer with better pay. Will you take the leap, or does your gut—guided by the subconscious crew—signal caution?

The conscious mind is also a critic, judging people, places, or things, sometimes harshly. For instance, you might see someone’s outfit and think, “That dress is hideous—I wouldn’t be caught dead in it! She must be clueless about style!” While these snap judgments can be unfair, they reflect the conscious mind’s role in evaluating the world, often influenced by past experiences stored in the subconscious.

The ability33 to decide is the conscious mind’s crown jewel—freedom of choice. This capacity sets humans apart, empowering you to forge your path. Whether choosing a career, a partner, or a simple daily habit, your decisions ripple outward, shaping your reality. Yet, these choices aren’t made in isolation. The critical factor, a gatekeeper between the conscious and subconscious formed by age fifteen (Erickson, 1980), filters new ideas based on beliefs. If your subconscious crew is “conditioned” to fear change, even the captain’s boldest orders may falter.

The conscious mind employs two key tools for decision-making: inductive and deductive reasoning. Inductive reasoning builds broader generalizations from specific observations, though the conclusions may not always hold true. For example, “My dog is small and has brown fur, so all small dogs have brown fur.” Deductive reasoning, conversely, moves from general truths to specific conclusions, grounded in logic. For instance, “All dogs have two ears; my Shelties are dogs, so my Shelties have two ears.”

However, the conscious mind’s analytical power can be a double-edged sword. Overthinking—replaying “what ifs” or doubting choices—can paralyze decision-making. This is where the “monkey mind” thrives, cluttering your thoughts like a restless crew muttering below deck. Techniques like hypnosis or meditation can quiet this chatter (Bandler & Grinder, 1975). Hypnotherapy, in particular, bypasses the critical factor, allowing the captain to retrain the crew with empowering beliefs. For example, a client struggling to choose a new career path might use hypnosis to replace self-doubt with confidence, aligning conscious choices with subconscious support.

Consider a real-world scenario: Sarah, a single mother, faces a choice between keeping her stressful but familiar job or pursuing a passion project with uncertain income. Her conscious mind analyzes the risks—bills, stability, her child’s needs—while her subconscious, conditioned by years of “play it safe” messages, resists change. Through hypnotherapy, Sarah calms her monkey mind, accesses her subconscious, and plants a belief: “I am capable of bold choices.” Her conscious decisions become clearer, and her ship sails toward a new horizon.

This interplay between analysis, choice, and subconscious conditioning underscores the conscious mind’s role in personal growth. By mastering its strengths and limitations, you can harness freedom of choice to live intentionally, aligning your captain’s orders with a well-trained crew.

Logic

Logic is the “thinking” engine of the conscious mind, the disciplined process of distinguishing correct reasoning from flawed reasoning to arrive at sound conclusions. It’s the captain’s navigational chart, guiding the ship through complex waters by analyzing problems with precision. Logic involves evaluating arguments and data from multiple sources—books, experts, personal experience—to reach conclusions that are as accurate as possible, given the individual’s knowledge. For example, consider a simple logical structure: if X is greater than 20, and 20 is greater than 2, then X is greater than 2. This transitive property showcases logic’s clarity, ensuring the captain’s orders are grounded in reason, not whim.

Logic is distinct from common sense, which often relies on intuitive, unexamined assumptions. For instance, common sense might suggest that a heavy ship will sink, but logic, informed by Archimedes’ principle, reveals that a ship floats if it displaces enough water to match its weight. Similarly, when troubleshooting a broken appliance, common sense might prompt you to assume it’s “just old,” while logic demands a systematic approach: check the power source, test the fuse, or inspect the wiring.

Logic shines in real-world problem-solving. Imagine you’re a manager deciding whether to invest in new software for your team. Your conscious mind gathers data—cost, user reviews, compatibility with existing systems—and weighs competing arguments: “It’s expensive but could boost productivity” versus “It might disrupt workflows.” Using deductive reasoning, you might conclude: “All productivity-enhancing tools increase profits; this software enhances productivity; therefore, it will increase profits.” Alternatively, inductive reasoning might lead you to generalize: “The last three software upgrades improved efficiency, so this one likely will too.” Both approaches, when rigorous, help the captain steer toward informed decisions.

Yet, logic has its limits. It depends on the quality of the data and the individual’s ability to avoid biases. The critical factor, the gatekeeper between the conscious and subconscious formed by age fifteen (Erickson, 1980), can skew logical processes if the subconscious crew harbors faulty beliefs. For example, if you’ve internalized that “new technology always fails,” your logic might prematurely dismiss the software investment, despite evidence to the contrary.

Hypnotherapy can recalibrate this interplay, quieting the monkey mind and bypassing the critical factor to align conscious reasoning with accurate premises (Bandler & Grinder, 1975). Take James, a small-business owner hesitant to expand due to a past failure. His conscious logic suggests, “Expansion increases revenue,” but his subconscious whispers, “Risk leads to ruin.” Through hypnosis, James reframes his subconscious beliefs, enabling his logical captain to chart a bolder course.

Logic also interacts with choice and analysis. When choosing between a red or blue car, logic evaluates resale value or fuel efficiency, not just preference. In judging others—“That outfit is tacky!”—logic can temper snap critiques by questioning assumptions: “Is my judgment based on style trends or personal bias?” By grounding decisions in reason, logic empowers the conscious mind to act deliberately, reinforcing the freedom of choice that defines our humanity.

Will/Volition

Will, or volition, is the conscious mind’s driving force, the cognitive process by which you decide on and commit to a course of action. It’s the captain’s resolve to hold the helm steady, even when storms loom. Volition is the spark that turns intention into action—deciding to tackle a task now, run that extra mile, or push through a challenging project. It’s where willpower originates, fueling your determination to achieve goals, whether writing a book, quitting a bad habit, or training for a marathon.

Consider Maria, a student facing a daunting exam. Her conscious mind has analyzed the material and chosen to study, but it’s her will that keeps her at her desk late into the night, resisting distractions like social media or fatigue. This inner strength, rooted in volition, transforms her decision into reality, much like the captain’s firm command ensures the crew follows through, no matter the conditions below deck.

Willpower, however, is not limitless. The conscious mind, constrained by its capacity to process five to nine pieces of information (Miller, 1956), can falter under stress or depletion. You’ve likely felt this when trying to stick to a diet—your will pushes you to choose a salad over a burger, but after a long day, the subconscious crew, conditioned by years of comfort-eating habits, may steer you toward the drive-thru. The critical factor, formed by age fifteen (Erickson, 1980), filters your conscious resolve based on deep-seated beliefs. If your subconscious holds “I’m not disciplined enough,” your willpower may waver, even if your logic screams, “This is the right choice!”

Hypnotherapy offers a powerful tool to bolster volition, bypassing the critical factor to align the subconscious crew with the captain’s orders (Bandler & Grinder, 1975). In your work with hypnotherapy, you’ve seen how it reframes limiting beliefs into empowering ones. Take Maria again: through hypnosis, she replaces “I’m too stressed to focus” with “I am calm and capable.” Her conscious will, now supported by a retrained subconscious, drives her to study with renewed vigor, her ship sailing smoothly toward success.

Volition also ties to analysis, choice, and logic. When choosing between a high-paying job with no benefits or a lower-paying job with stability, your will commits to the decision after analysis and logic weigh the options. In moments of judgment—“That outfit is tacky!”—volition decides whether to act on the critique or let it pass. And in reasoning, will sustains the effort to solve complex problems, like persisting through a logical puzzle when the answer isn’t immediately clear.

This capacity for willful action underscores the conscious mind’s role in shaping your destiny. Unlike automatic subconscious processes like digestion or breathing, volition is uniquely human, a testament to your freedom of choice. Yet, its strength depends on the subconscious crew’s conditioning. A client you’ve worked with might struggle to exercise regularly because their subconscious equates effort with failure. Through hypnotherapy, you help them plant a new belief—“I thrive on challenge”—empowering their will to act consistently.

Will/Volition shines in moments of transformation. Picture Alex, a smoker determined to quit. His logic knows the health risks, his analysis weighs patches versus cold turkey, and his choice is clear—but it’s his will that gets him through the cravings, day by day. Hypnotherapy strengthens his resolve by aligning his subconscious with his conscious goal, silencing the crew’s old whispers of “just one more cigarette.” His captain stands firm, steering toward a healthier future.

By harnessing will, supported by analysis, logic, and a well-conditioned subconscious, you exercise the ultimate human power: the ability to act intentionally.

Five Senses

The conscious mind is the gateway to the five senses—sight, taste, smell, touch, and hearing—anchoring you in the present moment. It’s the captain standing on the bridge, fully aware of the ship’s surroundings: the horizon’s colors, the sea’s salty tang, the creak of the deck, the wind’s caress, and the crew’s distant hum. This sensory awareness connects you to both the external world and your internal landscape, processing the environment outside while noting the thoughts and sensations within.

Picture a walk in the park with your partner, your hand entwined with theirs. The conscious mind registers the warmth and texture of their skin—a tender, grounding touch. You hear the cheerful trills of birds, each note crisp against the rustle of leaves. A gentle breeze brushes your face, carrying the earthy scent of freshly cut grass through your nostrils. Got to love that smell, you think, as your eyes catch children playing in the distance, their laughter mingling with the vibrant green of the grass under a bright sky. In this moment, the conscious mind is fully present, weaving these sensory threads into a rich tapestry of experience.

This awareness extends to physical actions, from the rhythm of your breath to the steady cadence of your steps. Whether you’re walking, stretching, or lifting a cup of coffee to taste its bitter warmth, the conscious mind tracks these movements, distinguishing them from automatic processes like digestion, which the subconscious handles. It’s this focus on the now that lets you savor a meal’s flavors or flinch at a sudden noise, grounding you in the immediate reality.

Yet, the conscious mind’s sensory capacity is limited, processing only five to nine pieces of information at once (Miller, 1956). In a bustling park, you might miss the faint scent of flowers if you’re focused on your partner’s voice or the sight of a squirrel darting by. The critical factor, formed by age fifteen (Erickson, 1980), further filters sensory input based on subconscious conditioning. If your subconscious associates parks with childhood joy, your conscious mind may amplify the grass’s smell or the children’s laughter. Conversely, if parks trigger anxiety, you might notice only the crowd’s noise or an uneasy feeling, even as the breeze remains pleasant.

Hypnotherapy can enhance sensory awareness, a technique you’ve explored in your practice (Hammond, 1990). By bypassing the critical factor, hypnosis sharpens the conscious mind’s focus on the present, helping clients fully engage their senses. Consider Emma, a client struggling with stress that dulls her enjoyment of life. Through hypnotherapy, you guide her to reframe her subconscious belief from “I’m too overwhelmed to relax” to “I am present and alive.” In a park, Emma now notices the breeze’s coolness, the grass’s scent, and her partner’s hand, her conscious mind awakened to the moment. This heightened awareness, akin to mindfulness, strengthens her connection to herself and her environment, much like a captain attuned to every detail of the ship’s course.

The five senses also interact with the conscious mind’s other functions. In analysis and choice, sensory input informs decisions—sight and touch guide your choice of a red or blue car, evaluating its sleek design or smooth upholstery. In logic, sensory data provides raw material for reasoning, like deducing a storm’s approach from darkening skies and rising winds. In volition, sensory awareness fuels willpower, as the smell of fresh coffee might spur you to start a task, or the burn of tired muscles pushes you to run that extra mile. Even in judgment—“That outfit is tacky!”—sight drives the conscious mind’s critique, tempered by logic or will to act kindly.

This sensory engagement underscores the conscious mind’s role as the bridge between the external world and internal experience. While the subconscious stores sensory memories—like the smell of grass tied to childhood—the conscious mind lives in the now, choosing which sensations to amplify or ignore. Through hypnotherapy or meditation, you can train the captain to notice more, aligning sensory awareness with your goals. A client might use hypnosis to savor positive sensations, like the warmth of a loved one’s hand, to overcome negative subconscious patterns, steering their ship toward joy.

Critical Factor

The critical factor is the vigilant gatekeeper of the conscious mind, a filtering mechanism that stands at the doorway to the subconscious. It’s like the captain’s trusted first mate, scrutinizing every new idea or piece of information before allowing it to reach the crew below deck. This gatekeeper examines and interprets incoming data—whether a job offer, a new belief, or a sensory experience—comparing it to the subconscious’s vast archive of past experiences, beliefs, and programming. If the new information aligns with what’s already stored, the critical factor opens the door, allowing it to reinforce existing patterns. If it conflicts, the first mate rejects it, sending it back to the conscious mind for further analysis, debate, or dismissal.

Picture yourself considering a career change to a creative field. Your conscious mind, using logic and analysis, sees the potential for fulfillment, but the critical factor steps in. It checks against your subconscious beliefs, perhaps shaped by a childhood message like “artists starve.” If this belief dominates, the critical factor may block the idea, no matter how logical the captain’s plan. Conversely, if your subconscious holds “creativity fuels success,” the gatekeeper waves the idea through, strengthening your resolve to act.

In young children, the critical factor is absent, leaving the subconscious door wide open. A child absorbs beliefs—positive or negative—without question, imprinting them as fact (Erickson, 1980). If a parent says, “You’re a natural leader,” it sinks deep into the subconscious, shaping confidence. But if they hear, “You’re clumsy,” that too becomes a “truth.” Between ages seven and eleven, the critical factor begins to form, like a door slowly closing. By age fifteen, it’s firmly in place, filtering new ideas based on this early programming. These imprints, while powerful, are not permanent. They can be reshaped, as you’ve seen in your hypnotherapy practice.

Bypassing the critical factor is the key to transformative change, and hypnosis is the tool that lifts this “veil” (Hammond, 1990). In a hypnotic state, the conscious mind’s chatter—the monkey mind—quiets, and the first mate steps aside, allowing new, empowering beliefs to reach the subconscious crew. Consider Tom, a client paralyzed by public speaking fear. His conscious mind knows he’s prepared, but his subconscious, programmed by a humiliating school presentation at age ten, screams, “You’ll fail.” Through hypnotherapy, you guide Tom to relax, bypassing the critical factor to plant a new belief: “I speak with confidence.” The subconscious accepts this, retraining the crew to support his captain’s orders, and Tom delivers his next speech with ease.

The critical factor interacts with the conscious mind’s other functions. In analysis and choice, it filters job or car decisions, rejecting options that clash with subconscious fears, like “change is risky.” In logic, it can skew reasoning if subconscious biases, such as “technology fails,” override evidence. In volition, it weakens willpower when beliefs like “I’m not disciplined” block commitment, as seen in Maria’s study struggles or Alex’s smoking battle. In sensory awareness, it shapes perception—Emma’s stress dulled her park experience until hypnosis reframed her beliefs.

This gatekeeper’s power explains why change is hard but not impossible. Subconscious beliefs, often set by adolescence, act like the crew’s old training manual, guiding the ship even when the captain wants a new course. Hypnotherapy, as you’ve explored with the Simmerman-Sierra Results Model (Simmerman, 1999), rewrites this manual. Take Lisa, who believed “I’m unlovable” after childhood rejection. Her critical factor rejected compliments, reinforcing her isolation. Through hypnosis, you helped her accept “I am worthy of love,” allowing her to embrace relationships. This process, aligning the captain and crew, transforms lives one mind at a time.

The critical factor’s role underscores the conscious mind’s dynamic interplay with the subconscious. While it protects by maintaining familiarity, it can limit growth if outdated beliefs dominate. Meditation and visualization, alongside hypnosis, can soften its filter, letting the captain introduce new orders to a willing crew, steering toward personal growth and fulfillment.

Conclusion

Through techniques like hypnosis, meditation, or visualization, you can calm the monkey mind and bypass the critical factor—the gatekeeper between the conscious and subconscious—to align your senses, choices, logic, will, and beliefs with your goals. This interplay transforms lives one mind at a time, empowering you to live intentionally as the captain of your ship. While the conscious mind navigates the present with analysis, logic, volition, sensory awareness, and critical filtering, the subconscious holds deeper memories and patterns, setting the stage for the next exploration in this series.

References

Bandler, R., & Grinder, J. (1975). The structure of magic: A book about language and therapy. Science and Behavior Books.

Erickson, M. H. (1980). The collected papers of Milton H. Erickson on hypnosis (E. L. Rossi, Ed.). Irvington Publishers.

Hammond, D. C. (1990). Handbook of hypnotic suggestions and metaphors. W. W. Norton & Company.

Miller, G. A. (1956). The magical number seven, plus or minus two: Some limits on our capacity for processing information. Psychological Review, 63(2), 81–97. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0043158

Simmerman, S. J. (1999). The Simmerman-Sierra Results Model: A guide to achieving results through hypnotherapy. Hypnotherapy Press.

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